Orlitzata Reserve

Orlitsata Reserve is a gem of the Eastern Balkan Mountains, situated within the scenic Kotel Mountain range. Established in 1984, it covers lands near the town of Kotel and the village of Medven. The reserve was created to protect ancient Moesian beech ecosystems, unique karst complexes, and critical habitats for rare birds of prey. Flora and Forest Coverage The reserve is home to nearly 300 species of higher plants, seven of which have significant conservation value (including Mandrake and Male fern). - Old-growth Forests: The territory is dominated by primary forests of Moesian beech and hornbeam. - Diversity: Visitors can also find sessile oak stands and mixed oak forests featuring Turkey oak and Hungarian oak. A Birdwatcher’s Paradise Orlitsata is one of the most important ornithological sites in the Eastern Balkan Mountains. It provides a sanctuary for over 70 bird species, 18 of which are listed in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria. - Rare Species: The reserve is a nesting ground for the Egyptian vulture, Short-toed snake eagle, Lesser spotted eagle, Eurasian sparrowhawk, and White-backed woodpecker. - Biodiversity Hub: The area is part of a larger protected complex that includes the "Zlosten" and "Orlovi Peshteri" (Eagle Caves) landmarks. Wildlife and Nature Beyond its avian diversity, Orlitsata hosts typical Balkan mammals such as the wolf, jackal, wild boar, roe deer, and wild cat. Reptiles and amphibians like the Aesculapian snake, common viper, and terrestrial tortoises are also prevalent. Practical Information - Location: Approximately 5 km from both the town of Kotel and the village of Medven. - Status: Strict Nature Reserve – access is limited to designated hiking trails only. - Nearby Attractions: Medven Springs, Siniyat Vir waterfall, and the numerous caves in the Zlosten area.